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A lacquer painting is a transparent coating that, if dry, creates a firm, long-lasting finish. The design is intended to be chip-resistant, waterproof, and breathable. Lacquers can be painted on a variety of materials, like wood and metal, and can occur in a range of hues and clear finishes. Lacquer painting is a challenge that encompasses ethnic, social, and temporal concerns, as well as unique theoretical and practical difficulties. Using lacquer painting creation with realistic themes as an essay, people can investigate the main issues associated with lacquer painting creation with realistic themes in the context of contemporary time. The importance of emotional cognitive expression in lacquer painting is acquired, and the requirement of social computing in the disciplines of machine learning (ML) and decision control. Implementation of the lacquer painting-designed better style transfer algorithm (TA) has paved the way for the creation of artistic and cultural ceramic goods. Hence machine learning-transfer algorithm (ML-TA) has been designed to lacquer paint regardless of the exquisite sheen that produces. Finishes can be matte, satin, and glossy depending on the number of layers and method utilized, however, they can always have a smooth surface texture. Lacquer painting can either exhibit a clean translucent appearance or be tinted to seem colored. Lacquer painting is comparable to varnish and urethane finishes, however is applies uniquely. Lacquers are often sprinkled on the surface rather than brushed on and manually rubbed with a material.

The vibration during external cylindrical grinding is caused by many factors such as the rigidity of the technology system, machining modes, machining materials, cooling mode, etc. This paper employed a Taguchi method to design experiments and evaluate the influence of machining mode parameters and workpiece material hardness on the vibrations when machining some types of alloy steel in external cylindrical grinding process. The influence of machining conditions on the vibrations was investigated. Besides, the mathematical models of vibration amplitudes were also modeled. The achieved results can be used to control the vibrations through machining conditions to improve the surface quality of the product.

Historically, although the first indications for the use of lasers in general were in dentistry, coming as a relief from the sound of the drill and mechanical contacts, it still seems somewhat that the entry in various ways of lasers in dentistry has been slower. This is somewhat true for the situation at the continents (e.g. USA much later approved the application relative to Europe). This paper analyzes the potential and existing applications of lasers in dentistry in a wide range of existing types, including interaction with dental tissues, in terms of surgical applications, on living tissue, the prosthetic area of applications and therapeutic doses. There is another special feature that can be recognized is the precise determination of the color of the material (teeth and prosthetics) and in general the determination of the composition of the material including classic, but also modern laser techniques (LIBS, complimentary techniques, tooth tissue, bone) and especially in the case of the first Q switch systems related to pain reduction, because the short pulse favors the intervention rate (ns, ps and fs). Special attention should be paid to modeling of interaction and analysis with the appropriate software support.

The Raman spectroscopy can be used as a didactic technique in the study of the thermal expansion of Grüneisen parameter and anharmonic behavior of materials. Here, we present exemplary, the lead titanate doped with lanthanum (PLT). However, this method can be used to study various materials. The ferroelectric ceramics have been one of the most studied compounds in the literature both in obtaining the same, as in behavior of chemical and physical properties. The structural PbTiO₃ phase may change either by the application of pressure, temperature or concentration, thereby allowing a study of behavior anharmonic of the material [M. R. Joya, J. Barba and P. S. Pizani, J. Appl. Phys.113 (2013) 013512]. This paper gives a brief review of the effect of temperature and pressure on Raman spectra.

Incremental technical innovation is one of the significant dynamic processes taking place in manufacturing firms. For this study, incremental technical innovation has been classified as material, operations, scale and product innovations and we contend that their source and efforts directed are different and therefore it is imperative to identify the predictors of each. Based on a field study of 83 manufacturing firms in India, the study has found that government policies, customer orientation and formalisation are the predictors of material innovations. Operational innovations are related to inter-functional coordination, process orientation, centralisation and annual demand of the product. Customer orientation and formalisation are the predictors of scale innovations. Finally, incremental product innovations are related to technology planning and R&D intensity.

The chapter outlines the main provisions of the proposed model of competitive sorption of a microelement by a sorbent placed in a suspension of contaminated material. The simulation results were used to create a new sorption technique for cleaning radioactively contaminated material, in which competitive partitioning of microelements between material suspension and a selective sorbent is coupled with membrane separation of the contaminated material and sorbent. The above coupling is realized in the construction of a minireactor (MR), which consists of a closed container made of a semi-permeable membrane material, inside which there is a suspension of the adsorbent. As an example, the results of an experimental study of the statics and kinetics of material purification from trace amounts of Cs(I) ions pre-sorbed by the material are presented. Silica gel and soil samples in the form of an aqueous suspension were taken as materials contaminated with cesium ions. It was found that the limiting stage of sorption mass transfer of cesium ions from the material to the sorbent (particles of the suspension of Prussian blue, PB, separated from the suspension of the material by the wall of the membrane MR) is diffusion inside the pores of the membrane. The distribution of Cs(I) ions between the material, the aqueous solution, and the sorbent is determined using the difference in the chemical potentials of cesium ions in the material and the sorbent. It is found that the flow of Cs(I) ions from the suspension of the material inside the MR can be regulated by changing the pore diameter of the membrane, the size of the membrane surface of the MR, and the composition of the solution, including pH and the concentration of humic acids. The construction of the membrane MR allows its simple mechanical separation from suspensions. By using this property, it is shown that the ratio between the equilibrium concentrations of Cs(I) ions in an aqueous solution and in each of the solid phases represented by the material and the competing sorbent is additive in nature and can be described by the sum of two Langmuir isotherms for the material (silica gel, the soil reference sample, SRS) and for the sorbent (PB). In conclusion, the methods of controlling the mass transfer of sorbed ions inside a MR with a sorbent and the possibility of scaling up the technique of sorption purification of materials using sorbent-filled MRs as part of future technologies for directed and autonomous remediation of radioactively contaminated areas are discussed.

The axial periodic vibration of a giant magnetostrictive rod in the periodic altering magnetic field and the temperature field is analyzed in this paper. The mathematical model is established by the variational method, and the quadratic nonlinear mechanic-magnetic constitutive relationship is applied. The displacement solution and the relationship between the amplitude and the frequency are obtained by the harmonic method under the linear spring constrained boundary condition.