Narrow Results

Inspired by the universal application of cause marketing (CM) campaign, this paper develops a game theoretical model to investigate cause-related product pricing problem. By considering the customer’s prosociality level and reference behavior, where the overall utility of regular product as a reference point, we separately study the cause-related product pricing strategies for competitor with and without response. Analytical results show that consumers’ purchase behaviors (i.e., differential levels of prosociality and reference recognition) significantly influence the cause-related product pricing decisions. When faced with consumers who have different purchase behaviors, the cause-related product pricing strategies should be adjusted accordingly.

The Hamiltonian for dynamic geometry generates the evolution of a spatial region along a vector field. It includes a boundary term which determines both the value of the Hamiltonian and the boundary conditions. The value gives the quasi-local quantities: energy-momentum, angular-momentum and center-of-mass. The boundary term depends not only on the dynamical variables but also on their reference values; the latter determine the ground state (having vanishing quasi-local quantities). For our preferred boundary term for Einstein’s GR we propose 4D isometric matching and extremizing the energy to determine the reference metric and connection values.

A number of articles have been published in recent years relating to the field or embedded librarian. In addition to this changing model of librarianship, many more librarians are working a virtual world with users approaching them through chat or IM reference sites and e-mail. What are the other ways in which reference is provided in the virtual world, and more importantly, how do we assess these avenues? This paper will discuss the variety of tools that are available to the embedded librarian who works without a physical library and will also explore efficient and effective ways to assess of virtual reference that are both quantitative and qualitative.

In recent years, the University of Illinois Library has developed a range of service programs that provide research support that is closely integrated into scholarly practice. These initiatives include librarians that are embedded, physically and virtually, in campus departments and programs, as well as more broadly-focused efforts such as the Scholarly Commons (which will provide coordinated support for data services, digitization, and scholarly communications) and the development of mobile and digital library services. This paper considers how these new initiatives have complicated traditional definitions of reference and provided the opportunity to rethink how we assess the impact of library support for research, teaching and learning.

This paper looks at two modes of assessment to improve reference customer service. The first mode is self-assessment: librarians choose a specific skill from the RUSA Guidelines for Behavioral Performance of Reference and Information Service Providers and focus on improving that one skill. Librarians and other service providers then engage in regular self-reflection on his or her reference skills and practice the behavior, regularly articulating their self-assessments in writing. The second mode of assessment uses digital reference transcripts as a learning opportunity. Individual librarians review reference transcripts for behavioral positives and negatives, discovering behaviors to emulate and behaviors to avoid.

Our covariant Hamiltonian for dynamic geometry generates the evolution of a spatial region along a vector field. It includes a boundary term which determines both the value of the Hamiltonian and the boundary conditions. The value gives the quasi-local quantities: energy-momentum, angular-momentum/center-of-mass. The boundary term depends not only on the dynamical variables but also on their reference values, the latter determine the ground state (having vanishing quasi-local quantities). For our preferred boundary term for Einstein's GR we propose using 4D isometric matching and extremizing the energy to determine the “best matched” reference metric and connection values.