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Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is a form of acupuncture treatment that applies electrical stimulation on specific acupoint through cutaneous electrodes. This technique has been used for perioperative anesthesia management as part of after surgery recovery. However, to date, limited data are available for using the TEAS for postoperative recovery in elderly surgical patients. We conducted this prospective randomized sham-control trail to evaluate the efficacy of TEAS in a group of elderly patients receiving knee surgery under epidural anesthesia. 52 subjects were assigned to either the experimental group (Group E) or control group (Group C). The patients in Group E received TEAS at zusanli (ST36), sanyinjiao (SP6), neiguan (PC6), and quchi acupoints (LI11) 30min prior to the epidural anesthesia and postoperative day 1 and 2, while patients in Group C received sham TEAS on the same acupoints for 30min same as those of Group E. The primary endpoint was the Quality of Recovery-40 questionnaire (QR-40) and the secondary endpoints were the biomarkers level of stress and inflammatory responses and visual analogue scale (VAS). A one-way ANOVA (SNK method) was used in statistic, and $p<0.05$ is considered to be statistically significant. Our data showed that the QoR-40 was significantly lower in Group C than that in Group E at postoperative day 1 ($p<0.05$); Similarly, Cortisol (COR), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly lower in Group E than those of Group C at postoperative day 1, 3, and 7 ($p<0.05$), while the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/L) was lower in Group E than that in Group C at postoperative day 1 and 3 ($p<0.05$). Our results showed that perioperative TEAS administration is able to facilitate the development of postoperative recovery of elderly patients, especially at the early stage after surgery. The reported results are likely to be mediated by the reduction of surgical inflammation and perioperative stress response.

Based on the stress responses of individuals, the susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemic model was improved on the small-world networks and BA scale-free networks and the simulations were implemented and analyzed. Results indicate that the behaviors of individual’s stress responses could induce the epidemic spreading resistance and adaptation at the network level. This phenomenon showed that networks were learning how to adapt to the disease and the evolution process could improve their immunization to future infectious diseases and would effectively prevent the spreading of infectious diseases.

The following topics are under this section:

• Could Jurassic Park become a Reality?
• Brightening the Future with Liquid Sunshine
• New Gene Therapy for Huntington’s Disease Proves Successful in Mice
• Fight or Flight?
• Distinguishing between Two Species of Red Pandas
• Freeze-drying Soil for Studying Reactive Nitrogen Gas Emissions
• Remodelling the Future of Air Pollution Studies

A mathematical model of the stress response mechanism was constructed based on the process and characteristics of human stress response. In this model, the propagation speed of human stress hormones, the time boundary of the stress response process, and the regulatory equation of stress response are provided. An analogy is made between human stress response and ecological restoration, which have intermediary and diffusion properties between influencing factors and outcomes. Based on the human stress response mechanism model, the weights of various indicators affecting the ecological restoration effect of coal mines were calculated, and a comparison of different restoration schemes was obtained. The evaluation process and results confirm the effectiveness of applying the human stress response mechanism model.

The following sections are included:

• Introduction

• The Thioredoxin System

• The Glutaredoxin System

• Redox Regulation by Thioredoxin and Glutaredoxin

• Effects of Oxidants and Antioxidants

• Future Perspectives

• Acknowledgments

• References

The correlation between stress response ability of male drivers and number of trainings under different road conditions and sources of stress is analyzed. HED eye tracker was used to measure the physiological indicators of 12 objects. Stress response ability of male drivers under different road conditions and sources of stress was correlated with the number of trainings through regression analysis. Variation rate of pupil area of drivers decreased with the number of trainings under different road conditions and the correlation with number of trainings was best described by logistic regression model (Sig<0.05). Drivers demonstrated worst stress response on highway in foggy weather (sudden change of lane by vehicle in front without turn signal) and on rural highway in foggy weather (sudden stopping of vehicle in front). Most drivers had to go through recovery training to achieve the previous stress response level. Variation rate of pupil area is an effective measure of male drivers’ stress response ability. Drivers will exhibit lower level of stress response and reduced occurrence of stress through training.