Narrow Results

When evaluating the market risk of long-horizon equity returns, it is always difficult to provide a statistically sound solution due to the limitation of the sample size. To solve the problem for the value-at-risk (VaR) and the conditional tail expectation (CTE), Ho et al. (2016, 2018) introduce a general multivariate stochastic volatility return model from which asymptotic formulas for the VaR and the CTE are derived for integrated returns with the length of integration increasing to infinity. Based on the formulas, simple non-parametric estimators for the two popular risk measures of the long-horizon returns are constructed. The estimates are easy to implement and shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. In this chapter, we further address the issue of testing the equality of the CTEs of integrated returns. Extensive finite-sample analysis and real data analysis are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the test statistics we propose.

In this paper, test of drug resistance on bacteria was performed to medical clinic with impedance microorganism sensor. The impedance value of different bacterial cultures was measured using the home-made microorganism sensor and measurable setup of impedance, then all impedance values attained in the period of bacteria culture were recorded and the curve between impedance value and cultural time was drawn to judge the drug resistance of different bacteria. It was shown that the curve was obviously difference between liquid cultures that antibacterial drugs was added and cultures of normal bacteria. This method was significant for rapid detection of drug resistance, automatization and intelligentization of test of drug sensitivity in medical clinic.

The concept and method of mathematics assessment in Singapore schools have undergone some important developments, and in a sense, a paradigm shift, over the last decades. This chapter traces the events and efforts that led to a broadening of the role of student assessment in mainstream Singapore schools and that gave rise to the use of assessment methods other than the “traditional” ones. Beginning with a brief clarification of terms such as tests, examinations, and assessment, the chapter goes on to describe a new conception of assessment and its broader role in the service of student learning. It next compares the so-called alternative and traditional assessment approaches, presents local empirical studies, and highlights critical issues in the design and use of alternative assessment. The chapter ends with some lessons learned, challenges faced, and suggestions for future research in the assessment of mathematics in schools.

In order to research the system of satellite communication and its new technology in the laboratory, an up-converter and down-converter for S-band is proposed in this paper. A PLL (phase locked loop) frequency synthesizer, an IF (intermediate frequency) AGC (automatic gain control) amplifier, and a coaxial cavity filter is designed based on chip ADF4113. The amplitude-frequency characteristic, phase-frequency characteristic and degree of balance for channels are measured. The measurement results are given. The spurious signal is -70 dBc over the 500 MHz band, and the phase noise is - 80dBc/Hz@1kHz. The amplitude-frequency characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic of uplink and down-link are tested, and verified the feasibility of the scheme.

In the IEEE Standard 802.15.4 for ZigBee, it sets the parameters of the ZigBee modules needed to be tested. One of the most important parameters is the test of the module receiver sensitivity. Although the requirements and the testing method of this specification has been given in the standard, there is still a huge difference from specification in practical. According to the result in the lab, the difference between these two values is almost 20dB. This article firstly introduces the results of sensitivity testing by using different vector signal generators, ZigBee module, spatial transmission in the laboratory environment and then analysis the experiment results. According to the analysis results, the sensitivity is then tested by spatial transmission in anechoic chamber and shielded enclosure. Based on the test mentioned above, it is proved the reason of sensitivity reducing determined previously. The research result of this article could have an improvement to the practical use of ZigBee.

In order to have a depth research for the combustion process and the status of the engine emissions, it is necessary to develop a excellent combustion analysis system. The data collection, data processing, data computing and other display functions were realized by the self-developed combustion analysis system software, and some relative analyses of cylinder dynamic combustion were done. At the same time, it is so important for designers have an optimization of engine if they use the P-Φ indicator diagrams. Pmax indicator diagrams, air-fuel ratio(ξ)and fuel consumption variation data and so on. The test system for an internal engine combustion analysis through continuous testing and use, is feasible. No doubt, Better user interface and lower costs of this combustion system is pretty good for tester analysis the related data. Designers could facilitate the continuous development and utilization, so it has a certain value in engineering.

A Truss-Column pin-connected joint used in large-span steel structures is proposed in this paper. The European code is used to analyze and design the joints. The finite element analysis is conducted on four joints by the software ABAQUS. The full-scale model of the joints, as well as the large-scale, has been tested both under monotonic and repeated loads, the ultimate loads and the hysteretic curve of the joints are obtained. The results of the test indicate that the pin-connected joints have strong working behavior. Combined with the test and the calculation, it verifies the reliability of the calculation method. The tests make perfect the theory of the pin-connected calculation. The European code is viable and can be applied to long-span steel structures in China.

IGBT device has been widely used in the power industry, its level of quality and reliability has important significance for the development of the industry. The single-tube IGBT was as the test object and its main static parameters, output characteristics and capacitance testing principles and methods were analyzed. The experimental data and waveform was obtained by Keysight tester. The results show effectiveness of the proposed test method. The results can provide a reference for module selection.

By using several traditional empirical formulas, the bursting pressures of a kind of special spherical vessels were calculated, a comparison between calculated and tested results was performed, and the features of errors distribution were analyzed. Based on the features of errors distribution, referring to the methods constructing traditional empirical formulas and taking the constituent characteristics of the original formulas into consideration, the traditional empirical formulas were amended and reconstructed. Moreover the amended and reconstructed formulas were validated by experimental data. The validation results indicate that the accuracy of the amended formulas is higher than that of the traditional empirical formulas and the accuracy of the reconstructed formulas is further higher than that of the amended formulas, which implies that the amended and reconstructed formulas are practically useful in design of the discussed special spherical pressure vessels, the related amendment and reconstruction methods are reasonable and can be used in researches of analogous problems. In this paper the amendment case was presented. The reconstruction case will be presented in a subsequent paper.

By using several traditional empirical formulas, the bursting pressures of a kind of special spherical vessels were calculated, a comparison between calculated and tested results was performed, and the features of errors distribution were analyzed. Based on the features of errors distribution, referring to the methods constructing traditional empirical formulas and taking the constituent characteristics of the original formulas into consideration, the traditional empirical formulas were amended and reconstructed. Moreover the amended and reconstructed formulas were validated by experimental data. The validation results indicate that the accuracy of the amended formulas is higher than that of the traditional empirical formulas and the accuracy of the reconstructed formulas is further higher than that of the amended formulas, which implies that the amended and reconstructed formulas are practically useful in design of the discussed special spherical pressure vessels, the related amendment and reconstruction methods are reasonable and can be used in researches of analogous problems. In a previous paper[1] the amendment case was presented, in this paper the reconstruction case was presented.

For the analysis of square contingency tables with ordered categories, Tahata, Yamamoto, Nagatani and Tomizawa (2009) considered an average symmetry model and a measure of degree of departure from the model. The present paper proposes (1) the statistic to test the equality of degree of asymmetry and (2) the measure to represent the difference of degree of asymmetry between several square contingency tables. They are applied to unaided distance vision data in Britain and in Japan, and to decayed teeth data in Japan.

At home and abroad, there are few experimental on the actual storage system of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). In this paper, using the scientific method to test the charging response time and the discharging response time of the VRB storage system. The VRB system which was been tested is largest VRB in the world. Its capacity is 5MW/2h. The test results show that the charging response time is 2221ms, and the discharge response time is 571ms. It is an advanced the international level.

The research status of home and abroad are introduced to detect coal ground fire area. The foundation is with electrical difference of surrounding rock and underground coal fire area, according to the transient electromagnetic method with strong ability, high resistance layer effect and small random disturbance, small affected by terrain features, application of transient electromagnetic method experimental detected at DaTong Wang Zhuang mine, and coupled with the measurement of radon gas, the rough area was delineated the ground fire. It is laid the foundation that the method of transient electromagnetic detect coal fire area for the next application.

D-knotter is the core part of the quadrate bale type of baller, but the formation of the knot is under the influence of biting force of the biting hook. The compression of the compressed spring of the biting hook and the rope-pulling force were firstly measured in this paper, and trend charts of compressed spring compression and the rope-pulling force with the knotting hook rotation were shown. Then, the best range of the biting force was determined between 727.19 N and 835.89 N by mechanics model analysis of biting force in the biting phase. The best range of the biting force can direct research and development of new type of knotter. The knot-tied rate of 1000 times knotting tests of the D-knotter with bundling wheat straws was 100%, which validate that the calculated range of the biting force can meet application requirements of D-knotter and the mechanics analysis is correct.