Narrow Results

This paper deals with a procedure for cancer radiovirotherapy which requires not only injection of replication-competent viruses but also administration of radioiodide. The viruses infect tumor cells, replicate inside them and eventually cause their death. As infected cells die, the viruses inside them are released and then proceed to infect adjacent tumor cells. Radioiodide is in a continuous state of flux between the tumor and the remaining part. Iodide undergoes beta particle decay and the emitted beta particles have a significant effect on tumor cells. The combination of virotherapy with radiotherapy has recently been shown to be significantly more effective than treatment with virotherapy alone. Cancer radiovirotherapy can be described by a free boundary problem for a nonlinear system of partial differential equations, where the free boundary is the surface of a tumor. Global existence and uniqueness of solutions to this free boundary problem is proved, and a new explicit parameter condition corresponding to the success of therapy is also found. Furthermore, numerical simulations are given to show that there is an optimal timing for radio-iodine administration, and that there is an optimal dose for the radioactive iodide.

The following topics are under this section:

• Fastest or Most Precise?
• The Viral Solution
• The Modern-Day Nostradamus: George Yuan Xianzhi
• CORONAVIRUSES: A PRIMER PART 2

We consider a procedure for cancer therapy which consists of injecting replication-competent viruses into the tumor. The viruses infect tumor cells, replicate inside them, and eventually cause their death. As infected cells die, the viruses inside them are released and then proceed to infect adjacent tumor cells. However, a major factor influencing the efficacy of virus agents is the immune response that may limit the replication and spread of the replication-competent virus. The competition between tumor cells, a replication-competent virus and an immune response is modelled as a free boundary problem for a nonlinear system of partial differential equations, where the free boundary is the surface of the tumor. In this model, the immune response equation is a semilinear parabolic equation, including a chemotaxis term which is used to describe the movement of the immune response induced by gradients of the infected cell density. Under the assumption that the chemotactic sensitivity coefficient is small compared with the diffusion coefficient of the immune response, we prove the global existence and uniqueness of the solution of this free boundary problem. For large chemotactic coefficient, the global existence is still open.

Ebola outbreaks in Africa have occurred mostly in the Central and West Africa regions that are politically identified as the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) and Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS), respectively. In the ECOWAS region, people and goods are allowed to travel freely across national borders of all the 15 member countries, but in the ECCAS region such regional travel across the national borders of its 10 member countries is limited. In this paper, we use parameterized mathematical models of Ebola to investigate the effects of free international travel, and the timing of border closings, on the high number of Ebola infection cases and deaths of the recent 2014–2016 Ebola outbreaks in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone (ECOWAS); as compared to previous and current outbreaks in Democratic Republic of Congo (ECCAS, 1976–2018). Simulations of our single-patch Ebola model without movement of humans across international borders are shown to capture the recorded numbers of Ebola infections and deaths in the ECCAS region, and simulations of our 3-patch model with interpatch movements capture that of the ECOWAS region. We obtain that international travel restrictions and timing of border closings can play important roles in mitigating against the spread of future fatal infectious disease outbreaks.

In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model for the virus medical imaging (VMI). In this method, first, by proposing a mathematical model, we show that there are two types of viruses that each of them produce one type of signal. Some of these signals can be received by males and others by females. Then, we will show that in the VMI technique, viruses can communicate with cells, interior to human’s body via two ways. (1) Viruses can form a wire that passes the skin and reaches to a special cell. (2) Viruses can communicate with viruses interior to body in the wireless form and send some signals for controlling evolutions of cells interior to human’s body.

Based on the complex network and non-equilibrium statistic theory, the birth and death equation (BDE) is proposed for the virus spreading on biological networks. This equation, in which the Susceptible Infected Susceptible model is extended, can predict the distribution rule of infection density by generating function. It is a better approach to a real infection process.

A new non-autonomous predator-prey system with the effect of viruses on the prey is investigated. By using the method of coincidence degree, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of a positive periodic solution. Moreover, with the help of an appropriately chosen Lyapunov function, the global attractivity of the positive periodic solution is discussed. In the end, a numerical simulation is used to illustrate the feasibility of our results.

Phyllotaxis of plant organs, bacterial ordering and animal coat patterns are analyzed for homogeneity and density. The patterns are approximated by 15 tiles and characterized by the self-coordination numbers T₁, T₂, T₃ of the nearest, next-nearest and third neighbors of the vertices of the tiles. Homogeneous structures with integer T_i values and maximum densities are obtained for distichous, whorled or spiral growth of leaves. Similar T₁ values, such as T₁=5 and 6 of sunflower seeds or bacteriae, give rise to maximum density. Inhomogeneous structures like the striped patterns of zebras with T₁=1, 2 and 3 connections have a higher density than homogeneous stripes with T₁=2. Maximum density is also obtained in icosahedral viruses.

Results are reported from investigations of the interactions between MS2 bacteriophages and a cationic porphyrin with potential use in photodynamic therapy. Based on the naturally strong binding between porphyrins and nucleic acids, it is suggested that this non-enveloped capsid could act as a self-loading, nanoscale carrier of porphyrins. By applying size exclusion chromatography in conjunction with UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, it is demonstrated that approximately 250 porphyrin molecules could associate and co-elute with a single capsid. Additionally, there is an observed red shift in the Soret peak of the porphyrin, indicating that the majority of the cationic porphyrin is capable of interacting with RNA on the interior of the capsid. It is also observed that removal of RNA from the interior of the MS2 capsid significantly reduces loading capacity of the porphyrin. Furthermore, MS2 bacteriophages loaded with porphyrins were shown to photogenerate singlet oxygen. These findings suggest that icosahedral viruses, such as MS2 bacteriophages, are able to function as self-packaging "nanoscale containers" and efficiently load cationic porphyrins, with potential benefits in areas such as targeted photodynamic therapy.

In this paper, two mathematical models are proposed and analyzed. The first one deals with the interaction of uninfected cells, infected cells, viruses and immune response within humans. The second one deals with the effects of environmental toxicant on the first model. In each case, sufficient conditions for local stability and global stability of the equilibria are obtained, computer simulations are performed and the result is biologically interpreted. It has been seen that the environmental toxicant has detrimental effects on healthy cells, infected cells as well as on the immune response of the body.

The article is about the gene that are responsible for eye disease. It touches on the gene as well as the disorders of the eye.

AUSTRALIA — Australian Scientist Urges Parliament to Pass Stem Cell Laws.

AUSTRALIA — Aussie Breakthrough for Cancer Patients.

AUSTRALIA — Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology Develops Detection Tools for Breast Cancer.

AUSTRALIA — Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Uses Stem Cells Research to Treat Diabetes.

AUSTRALIA — New Medicare Items for Autism Spectrum Disorders.

CHINA — Chinese Medicine Compound has Anti-cancer Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

CHINA — Low Doses of Resveratrol in Red Wine Fights Diabetes.

CHINA — New Drug Developed to Fight Human and Bird Flu Viruses.

INDIA — India and US Cooperate in Developing Medical Technology.

INDIA — India Sets Up First Institute of Nephro-Urology.

MALAYSIA — Malaysia Expected to Achieve Millennium Development Goals on HIV/AIDS.

NEW ZEALAND — Living Cell Technologies Applies for Clinical Trial for Animal to Human Transplants.

SINGAPORE — Singapore First in Asia Pacifc to Get 3D Imaging System for Spinal Surgery.

OTHERS — Researchers Identify Key Step Bird Flu Virus Takes to Spread to Humans.

The article gives an insight into the background and products of Innova Biotechnology.

Kaohsiung Scientists Find Dioxin-Munching Bacteria.

Novel Virus Identifed in Endangered Species May Represent Evolution of Two Major Virus Families.

Testing 1, 2, 3 by Clayton Péquignot One of the top challenges in combating the avian flu is in developing a suitable test kit.

AUSTRALIA — Malaria Breakthrough in Australia.

AUSTRALIA — Advances in Early Alzheimer's Diagnosis.

AUSTRALIA — Genetic Test for Epilepsy Sufferers Developed By Victoria, Australia Scientists.

AUSTRALIA — New R & D Facility Leads Way for Australian Biotech Sector.

AUSTRALIA — Australia Launches New Center to Focus on HIV Prevention, Treatment Research.

CHINA — Genomics Center Researchers Identify Key Mechanism in DNA Damage Response.

CHINA — Hemophiliacs in Guangdong Suffer From Lack of Treatment.

CHINA — Microbix to Build Flu Vaccine Plant in China.

CHINA — Applied Biosystems, 454 Life Sciences and Illumina Join 1000 Genomes Project.

INDIA — Indian Scientists Develop GM Mice Through Transgenic Sperm.

JAPAN — Experts Identify Genes for Bird Flu Replication.

JAPAN — Boosting Survival of Insulin-cell Transplants For Type 1 Diabetes.

JAPAN — Medtronic Launches First Insertable Cardiac Monitor in Japan.

JAPAN — Sewing DNA Thread with Lasers, Hooks and Microbobbins.

KOREA — CSD Korea launches its Patient Longitudinal Database.

NEW ZEALAND — NZ Signs Science Agreement with EU.

SINGAPORE — Singapore Researchers Identify Viral Factor That Induces Deadly Fungal Infection.

SINGAPORE — Singapore, Indonesia Enhance Collaboration to Fight Bird Flu.

SINGAPORE — Singapore Scientists Beat More Than 140 Teams to Claim Top Award at 46th American Society of Neuroradiology 2008 Meeting.

TAIWAN — Government Plans Development of Five Bio-Agricultural Parks.

TAIWAN — Local Researchers Cast New Light on Genetic Mutations.

TAIWAN — Enterovirus Cases Hit Record High.

VIETNAM — New Cholera Outbreaks in Vietnam.

VIETNAM — Vietnam, WB Join Hands to Improve Health Services in Remote Areas.

AUSTRALIA — Allogenic Stem Cells Effectively Treat Eye Diseases

AUSTRALIA — Leukemia Breakthrough in Australia

AUSTRALIA — A$20 Million for ICT Innovation in Healthcare

AUSTRALIA — Impact of “Silent” Osteoporosis on Australians

AUSTRALIA — Bacteria that Eat Cancer-causers Found

AUSTRALIA — New Therapy for HIV Treatment

CHINA — Chinese SFDA Approves Helicon's ReCell® Concept and Kit — Skin Regeneration Concept and Device

CHINA — Research on Breast Cancer Stem Cells Offers Hope for Vaccine

CHINA — Infectious Intestinal Disease on Rise in North-east China, Causing 3 Deaths

CHINA — Global Stem Cell Forum in China Showcases Cutting-edge Research, Focuses on New Findings for IPS Cells

INDONESIA — Samsung Group to Develop Indonesian Biodiesel

INDIA — Indian Researchers on Way to Creating Vital Part of Human Eye

INDIA — Hyundai Motor Launches Rural Mobile Health Clinic

INDIA — Varadachari Implants New Life with Bio-release Micronutrients

INDIA — Siemens to Make Nuclear Medicines at Indian Plants

INDIA — Milestone Disc Replacement Surgery (4-level) Performed for the First Time in Asia at Artemis Health Institute

INDIA — Transasia Announces All India Launch of Erba Den-Go to Detect Dengue

INDIA — Biotech Sector Grows by 20%

INDIA — U.S., Europe, Australia to Jointly Inspect Indian Drug Factories

INDIA — Chennai Gets India's First Heart Implant Training Centre

JAPAN — MDS Pharma Opens New Facility in Japan

SINGAPORE — New Heart Disease Drug with Fewer Side Effects Available in Singapore

SINGAPORE — A*STAR and Oxford University Agreement Boosts Doctoral Training for A*STAR Scholars

TAIWAN — Biotech Sees Major Industry Changes

VIETNAM — Herbal Drug Offers Hope for Addicts

AUSTRALIA – PAST Protocol to Fast-track Stroke Treatment

AUSTRALIA – Great Potential of Regenerative Heart Tissue in Embryonic Mice

CHINA – Babies Killed by Tainted Milk Formula Increased to Six

CHINA – Chinese Society of Hematology and Bayer Partner to Develop Comprehensive Care Hemophilia Treatment Centers throughout China

CHINA – Drug Information Association (DIA) Opens New Office in China

CHINA – China Leads Way to Develop Bird Flu Pandemic Forewarning System

CHINA – Herbal Drug Recalled after Infant's Death

CHINA – Toddler Virus Flares Up in China Again

CHINA – Functional Gene Discovered for Rice's Grain-Filling

CHINA – China Tops the Health List among Developing Countries

CHINA – U.S. Food, Drug Regulator to Set Up Offices in China

INDIA – Maharashtra Plans Two More Biotech Parks at Khalapur, Alibag

INDIA – Institute of Clinical Research India Partners with SingHealth

INDONESIA – 113th Bird Flu Death Recorded in Indonesia

JAPAN – World's First Made-to-order Bones on Clinical Trial

JAPAN – Dioxin Tied to Metabolic Syndrome in Japan

MALAYSIA – Medicine Study at Newcastle University in Malaysia

NEW ZEALAND – NZ Research Implants Pig Cells in Human Diabetics

SINGAPORE – Singapore Develops Cell Therapy Treatment for Cancer

SINGAPORE – Singapore Sets Up Second Heart Center to Meet Demand

SINGAPORE – Singapore is First in Southeast Asia to Offer Robotic Surgery for Gynaecologic Cancers

SINGAPORE – SNEC Takes the Lead at the Forefront of Lasik and Corneal Transplant Technology

SINGAPORE – Singapore Pumps Funding to Boost Dengue, Diabetes Research

SINGAPORE – Second Case of Rare Genetic Disorder that Afflict Toddlers Detected

SINGAPORE – Singapore Landfill Gets New Lease of Life as an Eco Park

SINGAPORE – Fusionopolis – World Within a City – Singapore's 2nd R&D Hub

SINGAPORE – Singapore's Stem Cell Research Signifies A Global Breakthrough

THAILAND – Thai Scientists' First Genetic Decode Advances Thailand into “Genomic” Era

THAILAND – Bird Flu Found in Northern Thailand, First Outbreak in 10 months

TAIWAN – A New Food Regulatory Agency to be Set Up in Taiwan

VIETNAM – Vietnam to Host Global Rice Meet in 2010

VIETNAM – Liver Transplant on Vietnam's Youngest Receiver Successful

VIETNAM – Ministries Unite For Greater Synergy to Develop Pharmaceutical Industry

VIETNAM – Vietnam Launches Diabetes Awareness Project

AUSTRALIA – Second-Generation Diagnostic Achieves 98% Accuracy in Detecting Early Stage Ovarian Cancers

AUSTRALIA – New Center Brings Australian and Chinese Researchers Together to Fight Infectious Diseases

AUSTRALIA – Co-developing New Treatment Guidelines for Melanoma

AUSTRALIA – Australia Leads World's First Global Effort to Improve Genetic Disorders Diagnosis

CHINA – China Bans Illegal Food Additives to Reinforce Food Safety Control

CHINA – China Steps Up Tighter Inspection in Food Safety

CHINA – WHO and China to Do More for Chinese with Hearing Impairment

CHINA – First TCM Drug for Arrhythmia

CHINA – First Human-Human Transmission of Tick-Borne Disease Reported in China

CHINA – Bird Flu Found in Chickens in Eastern China

CHINA – First Bird Flu Death Reported for 2009, No Bird-flu Outbreak

HONG KONG – Hong Kong Alerts New Bird Flu Outbreak

INDIA – India Also Confirmed Bird Flu Incidence

INDIA – India Plans 20 More Biotech Parks for Life Sciences Research

KOREA – An Economic Share in Medical Tourism Market

JAPAN – Brain Tissues Made from Stem Cells

NEW ZEALAND – Newly Merged Research Institute Leverage Greater Synergy

NEW ZEALAND – Kiwi's Green Plastic Well-Acclaimed in International Awards

NEW ZEALAND – Sea Sponge Indigenous to NZ Could Reduce Chemo Side Effects

PHILIPPINES – Ebola-Reston Virus Jumped Species

SINGAPORE – Human Sewage, the Potential Source of Clean Energy

SINGAPORE – No More Heart-stopping Incidents for Heart Patients

SINGAPORE – China Milk Products Get All-Clear from Singapore

SINGAPORE – Discovery of New Properties in Imidazolium Salts Yield Multi Applications

SINGAPORE – S'pore Ranked World's Most Prolific for Eye Research Per Capita

SINGAPORE – Outdoor Sun Reduces Incidence of Myopia in Children

TAIWAN – University Hospital in Taiwan Collaborates with Neuralstem

VIETNAM – Return of Bird Flu, Vietnam Runs High Risk of Human Infection

VIETNAM – Conjoined Twins Successfully Separated

VIETNAM – Rise in Off-Season Dengue Fever Cases

NORTH AMERICA – Epilepsy Drugs Prescription to Carry Suicide Risk Warning

NORTH AMERICA – U.S. Doctors Succeeded Near-total Face Transplant

NORTH AMERICA – Vaccinating Pacific Girls against Cervical Cancer

NORTH AMERICA – Manipulating Love and Emotions by Spray

EUROPE – Cambridge Pips Oxford in Research

EUROPE – Adapting Car Manufacturing Technology to Produce Synthetic Bone Implants

EUROPE – Dioxin-tainted Irish Pork Products Recalled

AUSTRALIA – Mosquito Parasite Could Control Dengue

CHINA – China has Twice the Global Average of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

CHINA – 80 000 Antibiotics Abuse-related Deaths Annually

CHINA – Bird Flu Found in Chicken from China

CHINA – China on Alert following Bird Flu Death

CHINA – Chinese Dairies to Compensate Tainted Milk Victims' Families

CHINA – New Insulin Resistance Tricks Found

CHINA – World's First Plant Chromosome Atlas

CHINA – Project Launched to Study Structure of Proteins

CHINA – Fake Diabetes Drug Linked to Two Deaths

CHINA – Birth Defects Rising in Polluted China

INDIA – India Culls Poultry in Darjeeling After Bird Flu

INDIA – India Introduces Second-Line Anti-retroviral Treatment in Eight States

INDIA – Indian Medical Tourism to Reach US$1.9 billion by 2015

INDIA – Canadian and Indian Ministers Sign Pact on Agriculture Cooperation

INDIA – 6000 year-old Rice Species Discovered in Meghalaya

INDIA – Genetics to Help Conserve Rare Bird Species

JAPAN – Coating the Protein Enhances Disease-fighting Capability

JAPAN – Scientists Isolate Genes that Made 1918 Flu Lethal

JAPAN – Researchers in Japan Develop All-round Flu Vaccine

PHILIPPINES – Ebola Reston Virus Found in Filipino Farm Worker

SINGAPORE – New Method to Create iPS Cells

SINGAPORE – Ray of Hope for Liver Cancer Sufferers

SINGAPORE – Bacteria Improve Energy and Cost Efficiency in Water Treatment

TAIWAN – Secrets of “Speciation” Gene Unravelled

TAIWAN – Initial Breakthrough in Poultry Vaccine Development

TAIWAN – Taiwan Gains Direct Access to WHO

VIETNAM – Doctors Report First Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

VIETNAM – Public Advised Serious Caution Against Bird Flu

NORTH AMERICA – Kids of Pregnant Drinking Mums will Like Booze

NORTH AMERICA – High Functional Diversity in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Driven By Genetic Drift And Human Demography

NORTH AMERICA – Newly Discovered Tuberculosis Protein May Help Explain Bacterium's Resilience

NORTH AMERICA – U.S. Patent For Diagnostic Technology Awarded To URMC, Lighthouse Biosciences

EUROPE – Structure Mediating Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Discovered

EUROPE – New EU Pesticide Regulations Could Undermine Battle against Malaria

EUROPE – iPill – The Smart Drug Delivery that can “Call” the Doctor

EUROPE – What Drives Locusts to Swarm