Nano

In the field of structural DNA nanotechnology, researchers create artificial DNA sequences to self-assemble into target molecular superstructures and nanostructures. The well-understood Watson–Crick base-pairing rules are used to encode assembly instructions directly into the DNA molecules. A wide variety of complex nanostructures has been created using this method. DNA directed self-assembly is now being adapted for use in the nanofabrication of functional structures for use in electronics, photonics, and medical applications.

This paper reports an approach for enhancing the luminescent properties of Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺ nanophosphors with cellulose, using a liquid phase precursor (LPP) process. The nanosized particles showed a powder X-ray diffraction pattern, corresponding to the reference, and were highly crystalline. The grain sizes of the samples synthesized at 600°C for 1 h were estimated to be approximately 19 nm. The particle sizes of the samples increased with increasing synthesis temperature and the morphology was cleaned and without impurities. In addition, all the samples had a smaller particle size than that of the commercial product. The PL spectrum consisted of weak bands at 581, 587, 593, and 599 nm, corresponding to the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ transition, and sharp peaks with a maximum intensity occurring at approximately 610 nm, due to the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ transition of Eu³⁺. These results suggest that Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺ is a promising alternative red-emitting phosphor for high efficiency resolution display applications.

Nano-Mg(OH)₂ was synthesized by co-precipitation method. Peaks between 500 and 1250 cm^-1 in FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of metal hydroxide stretching. TGA inferred that above 600°C, 50% of residue weight remained. HRTEM of nanocomposite gave an idea about the nonspherical morphology of particles of size 25 nm to 30 nm. SEM inferred that flower-like morphology for pristine Mg(OH)₂ and higher % weight of aniline-intercalated Mg(OH)₂ had agglomerated structure. UV visible spectrum inferred the presence of Mg²⁺ ion at 275 nm and the presence of amino-group-intercalated Mg(OH)₂, which had a sharp peak at 193 nm and the intensity of which increases with the increase in % weight of aniline. PL inferred that aniline-intercalated Mg(OH)₂ showed a lower intensity of which increased with higher wavelength value than the pristine and nanocomposite with PVA.

This article presents a morphological, chemical, and fractal dimension study of the time evolution of aluminum AC anodization in 1 M H₃PO₄ solution. The morphological analysis was accomplished by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). According to SEM, ordered porous pattern was already observed after 90 s of anodization, yet AFM revealed a different surface morphology evolution. Stripes were observed on the surface at the initial stages of anodization, developing to the formation of a complete phosphate layer at an intermediate stage and finally, to a porous structure at the steady stage. The phosphate layer was observed by AFM as well as by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). Nevertheless, it could not be noticed by SEM. AFM data were quantified by fractal dimension and no significant changes in terms of fractal dimension were found in the function of the anodization time.

The hydroxylapatite nanostructures with different morphologies have been synthesized by a facile solution approach. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technologies, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The control mechanism of the hydroxylapatite with various morphologies nanostructures was investigated. Some practical experimental conclusions could be obtained, which were expected to have potential values in crystal engineering research and practical applications.

This paper introduces a new technique for analyzing the behavior of global interconnects in FPGAs, for nanoscale technologies. Using this new enhanced modeling method, new enhanced accurate expressions for calculating the propagation delay of global interconnects in nano-FPGAs have been derived. In order to verify the proposed model, we have performed the delay simulations in 45 nm, 65 nm, 90 nm, and 130 nm technology nodes, with our modeling method and the conventional Pi-model technique. Then, the results obtained from these two methods have been compared with HSPICE simulation results. The obtained results show a better match in the propagation delay computations for global interconnects between our proposed model and HSPICE simulations, with respect to the conventional techniques such as Pi-model. According to the obtained results, the difference between our model and HSPICE simulations in the mentioned technology nodes is (0.29–22.92)%, whereas this difference is (11.13–38.29)% for another model.

An approach to increase both the sharpness of a series of diffused-junction rectifiers and to increase the homogeneity of dopant distribution in dopant-enriched areas has been considered. The conditions to obtain both the effects are determined. Annealing time has been optimized for increasing simultaneously the sharpness and the homogeneity. The dependence of the optimal annealing time on several parameters of the model have been analyzed.