Nano

In this paper for the first time, we have studied various structures of nanosheet field-effect transistors (NSFET) and the effect of various devices and process parameters such as nanosheet width, length, interspacing, S/D doping, channel doping, random dopant fluctuations studied on these device structures. Comparative analysis has been done between JL-NSFET, GS-JL-NSFET, JL-SiGeNSFET and JL-GS-SiGeNSFET in terms of analog parameters. Nanosheet-based FETs are likely to be the successor of FinFET beyond the 5-nm node. NSFETs have better control over gate, variable sheet width and more current per device footprint which gives them the advantage of circuit design versatility. NSFET offers better gate control, better current and switching per device footprint. NSFETs are preferred over NWFETs due to better electrostatics, greater channel widths, decreased SCEs and increased device reliability.

A porous carbon material (Mg-MOF-C) was prepared by carbonization in the N₂ atmosphere using Mg-MOF-74 as the precursor. Physicochemical properties of Mg-MOF-C materials were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FIRT), Thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET) and EDS. The adsorption properties of the products were studied Mg-MOF-C has a high specific surface area of up to 1739.29m²/g, and the pore volume of micropores was 0.98m³/g. Besides, 95% of the first adsorption is retained after five cycles. The adsorption processes agreed well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model.

The objective of this study is to conduct a numerical examination of the influence of nonlinear chemical reaction and heat source or sink on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) heat and mass transmission nanofluid flow through a shrinking permeable surface. In addition, the investigation considers thermal radiation and the occurrence of viscous dissipation. Ethylene glycol (EG) is used as the primary fluid medium, whilst the nanoparticles consist of nickel–zinc ferrite. The use of nanofluid flow has garnered significant interest as a result of its potential applications across several sectors. Nanofluids possess a notable benefit in comparison to traditional fluids as a consequence of their enhanced heat transfer capabilities. This advantage may be ascribed to the inclusion of nanoparticles, which augment thermal conductivity and therefore lead to enhanced heat dissipation and efficiency. The mathematical flow model, which is formulated using nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), may be transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by the application of suitable similarity conversions. In order to address the complexities of the nonlinear system, the bvp4c and shooting techniques are used inside the MATLAB program, a widely utilized commercial platform, to effectively solve the associated ODEs by numerical means. This study presents a graphical analysis of the effects of flow parameters on several variables of interest.

One of the most chemically adaptable elements is boron which is found in the periodic table between two groups, i.e., metals and nonmetals and may create more than 16 polymorphs that are bulk and made of connected boron polyhedra. Given that boron and carbon are comparable elements, it has been questioned whether two-dimensional (2D) boron could serve as a conceptual starting point for the construction of other boron nanostructures. Using boron as fundamental building blocks, boron nanosheets were synthesized known as borophenes. Borophene is found to be a crystalline form of atomic monolayer boron which was theoretically first predicted in mid-1990s and experimentally synthesized very recently in 2015. In this work, we studied both armchair and zigzag formation of borophene and presented a comparative analysis of their minimum sub-band energy, effective mean free path $E_n$, number of conduction channels $N_{\mathrm{\text{ch}}}$, scattering resistance per unit length. The $N_{\mathrm{\text{ch}}}$ for armchair BNR is 3,2,1 for 22nm, 13nm, 7nm, respectively, which is comparatively more than zigzag BNR. We later proposed Top-Contact BNR (TC-BNR) and Side-Contact BNR (SC-BNR). Our analysis shows that SC-BNR offers $96\%$ less resistance compared to TC-BNR and it is of the order of SC-GNR. Further, if we compare with copper interconnects, BNR is better in terms of performance and copper can be replaced with BNR due to high bulk mean free paths 300nm and 400nm compared to copper’s 40nm.

In this work, BC-PVA composite organohydrogels are prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix and bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers as reinforcement. BC-PVA@PPY conductive organohydrogels are obtained by depositing polypyrrole (PPY) on the BC-PVA organohydrogels via in situ polymerization of pyrrole. The mechanical properties of the organohydrogels are improved by the addition of BC nanofibers. The BC-PVA@PPY organohydrogels show good stability and repeatability in strain sensing. Due to their superior sensing performance, the BC-PVA@PPY organohydrogels can be used to monitor human activities (such as elbow movement and finger movement), indicating potential applications in wearable electronic devices.

Selaginella willdenowii, a commonly used greenhouse fern, was often used as a biowaste to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in an eco-friendly and cost-effective way. UV–Visible spectra studies were carried out to confirm the synthesis of S. willdenowii-mediated ZnO NPs (SW-ZnO NPs), and a peak at 367nm with a sharp band gap of 3.415eV was observed. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the synthesized SW-ZnO NPs was 11.971nm. The phytochemicals present in the extracts and the compounds involved in the reduction of metal to nanoparticles were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to analyze the surface morphology and size of the obtained SW-ZnO NPs. The examination revealed that they exhibited a hexagonal shape, with an average size falling within the range of 17–23nm. Under ultra-violet light, reactive blue 220 and reactive yellow 145 dyes showed 78.06% and 60.14% degradation, showing potential photocatalytic degradation activity. The synthesized SW-ZnO NPs also exhibited antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and fungal cultures (Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans) showed cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cell lines. Our results suggest the green synthesized SW-ZnO NPs have potential photocatalytic, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential.